시간 제한메모리 제한제출정답맞힌 사람정답 비율
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문제

아래와 같이 M행 N열 격자 그리드로 설계된 운전 면허 시험장에서 운전 면허 시험을 치르려 한다.

시험의 규칙은 세 가지이다.

  • 규칙 1 : 응시자는 가장 왼쪽 위의 s지점에서 시작하여 동쪽(오른쪽), 남쪽(아래쪽)으로만 차를 몰아 가장 오른쪽 아래의 최종 도착지 t에 도착해야 한다.
  • 규칙 2 : 차를 아래로 모는 시간과 오른쪽으로 모는 시간은 격자 한 칸당 L로 동일해야 한다. (L은 시험 시작 전에 주어지는 상수이다). 또한, 방향을 바꾸는 데 걸리는 시간은 항상 1이다. 단, 시작점 s에서는 오른쪽이나 아래 방향 중 원하는 방향을 골라 출발할 수 있다. 즉, 시작점에서는 방향을 바꾸는 데 시간이 들지 않는다.
  • 규칙 3 : 시험을 시작하기 전 G만큼의 연료를 주입한다.(G는 시험 시작 전에 결정된다). 응시자는 G 이하의 연료를 사용한다는 조건 하에 가장 빨리 도착할 수 있는 방법으로 t에 도착해야 한다.

규칙 2를 만족하기 위해, 응시자는 도로의 상태에 따라 알맞은 방법으로 차를 몰아야 한다. 따라서, 각 도로의 상태에 따라 소모되는 연료량이 다르다. 이에 따라 응시자는 G 이하의 연료만을 사용하여 t에 도착하는 경로를 찾아야 한다.

위에 예시로 주어진 4*6 그리드에서 각 도로에 쓰여진 정수가 그 도로를 시간 L동안 주행하는 데에 드는 연료량이다. 방향을 바꿀 때는 연료가 사용되지 않는다.

위의 그림은 G=19이며 L=10일 때 가능한 두 가지 경로를 표시한 것이다.

왼쪽의 경로는 17의 연료를 사용하여 83의 시간만에 아래에 도달하는 경로이다. 이 경로에는 8번의 직선 주행과 3번의 방향 변경이 있었다. 오른쪽의 경로는 연료를 덜 쓰는 경로이지만(16), 주행 시간의 합이 85로 더 오래 걸린다. 사실 위의 경로 외에도 19 이하의 연료 사용으로 83의 시간으로 도달할 수 있는 경로가 몇 가지 더 있다. 하지만, 19 이하의 연료를 사용하여 83보다 더 빠른 시간 내에 t에 도착하는 방법은 존재하지 않는다.

이제 주행 시험이 시작된다. 그리드의 상태와 G, L이 주어질 때, 가장 빠르게 목적지 t에 도달하는 시간은 얼마일까?

입력

첫 줄에 테스트 케이스의 수 T가 주어진다.

각 테스트 케이스는 네 개의 정수 M, N, L, G로 이루어져 있으며 M은 그리드의 행 수, N은 그리드의 열 수이다. L은 문제에서 설명한 한 격자를 직선 주행하는 데 걸리는 시간이며 G는 연료량이다. (2 ≤ M, N ≤ 100), (1 ≤ L ≤ 10), (1 ≤ G ≤ 1,000,000). 이어서 M줄에 걸쳐 N-1개의 정수가 주어진다. 각 정수는 그리드에서 대응되는 가로 경로를 주행할 때 드는 연료량이다. 그 이후 M-1줄에 걸쳐 N개의 정수가 주어진다. 각 정수는 그리드에서 대응되는 세로 경로를 주행할 때 드는 연료량이다.

모든 단위 경로에서 소모되는 연료량은 1 이상 1000 이하의 값을 갖는다.

출력

만일 G 이하의 연료량으로 s에서 t까지 가는 것이 가능하다면 가능한 한 빨리 도착했을 때 걸리는 시간을, 불가능하다면 -1을 출력한다.

예제 입력 1

3
4 6 10 19
4 3 6 7 9
3 1 2 7 5
2 2 6 1 9
5 3 4 3 2
1 5 4 4 4 2
6 1 1 3 1 7
2 2 3 2 3 5
3 4 5 10
4 5 6
2 3 1
5 7 8
1 8 6 7
4 6 9 1
3 3 10 9
2 2
2 2
2 2
3 3 3
3 3 3

예제 출력 1

83
27
-1
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(L\uc740 \uc2dc\ud5d8 \uc2dc\uc791 \uc804\uc5d0 \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c0\ub294 \uc0c1\uc218\uc774\ub2e4). \ub610\ud55c, \ubc29\ud5a5\uc744 \ubc14\uafb8\ub294 \ub370 \uac78\ub9ac\ub294 \uc2dc\uac04\uc740 \ud56d\uc0c1 1\uc774\ub2e4. \ub2e8, \uc2dc\uc791\uc810 s\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc624\ub978\ucabd\uc774\ub098 \uc544\ub798 \ubc29\ud5a5 \uc911 \uc6d0\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\ud5a5\uc744 \uace8\ub77c \ucd9c\ubc1c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc989, \uc2dc\uc791\uc810\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ubc29\ud5a5\uc744 \ubc14\uafb8\ub294 \ub370 \uc2dc\uac04\uc774 \ub4e4\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4.<\/li>\r\n\t<li><strong>\uaddc\uce59 3<\/strong> : \uc2dc\ud5d8\uc744 \uc2dc\uc791\ud558\uae30 \uc804 G\ub9cc\ud07c\uc758 \uc5f0\ub8cc\ub97c \uc8fc\uc785\ud55c\ub2e4.(G\ub294 \uc2dc\ud5d8 \uc2dc\uc791 \uc804\uc5d0 \uacb0\uc815\ub41c\ub2e4). \uc751\uc2dc\uc790\ub294 G \uc774\ud558\uc758 \uc5f0\ub8cc\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc870\uac74 \ud558\uc5d0 \uac00\uc7a5 \ube68\ub9ac \ub3c4\ucc29\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95\uc73c\ub85c t\uc5d0 \ub3c4\ucc29\ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\r\n<p>\uaddc\uce59 2\ub97c \ub9cc\uc871\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574, \uc751\uc2dc\uc790\ub294 \ub3c4\ub85c\uc758 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc54c\ub9de\uc740 \ubc29\ubc95\uc73c\ub85c \ucc28\ub97c \ubab0\uc544\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c, \uac01 \ub3c4\ub85c\uc758 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc18c\ubaa8\ub418\ub294 \uc5f0\ub8cc\ub7c9\uc774 \ub2e4\ub974\ub2e4. \uc774\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc751\uc2dc\uc790\ub294 G \uc774\ud558\uc758 \uc5f0\ub8cc\ub9cc\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec t\uc5d0 \ub3c4\ucc29\ud558\ub294 \uacbd\ub85c\ub97c \ucc3e\uc544\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>\uc704\uc5d0 \uc608\uc2dc\ub85c \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c4 4*6 \uadf8\ub9ac\ub4dc\uc5d0\uc11c \uac01 \ub3c4\ub85c\uc5d0 \uc4f0\uc5ec\uc9c4 \uc815\uc218\uac00 \uadf8 \ub3c4\ub85c\ub97c \uc2dc\uac04 L\ub3d9\uc548 \uc8fc\ud589\ud558\ub294 \ub370\uc5d0 \ub4dc\ub294 \uc5f0\ub8cc\ub7c9\uc774\ub2e4. \ubc29\ud5a5\uc744 \ubc14\uafc0 \ub54c\ub294 \uc5f0\ub8cc\uac00 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img src=\"https:\/\/www.acmicpc.net\/upload\/images2\/driving2(1).png\" \/><\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>\uc704\uc758 \uadf8\ub9bc\uc740 G=19\uc774\uba70 L=10\uc77c \ub54c \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \ub450 \uac00\uc9c0 \uacbd\ub85c\ub97c \ud45c\uc2dc\ud55c \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>\uc67c\ucabd\uc758 \uacbd\ub85c\ub294 17\uc758 \uc5f0\ub8cc\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec 83\uc758 \uc2dc\uac04\ub9cc\uc5d0 \uc544\ub798\uc5d0 \ub3c4\ub2ec\ud558\ub294 \uacbd\ub85c\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774 \uacbd\ub85c\uc5d0\ub294 8\ubc88\uc758 \uc9c1\uc120 \uc8fc\ud589\uacfc 3\ubc88\uc758 \ubc29\ud5a5 \ubcc0\uacbd\uc774 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc624\ub978\ucabd\uc758 \uacbd\ub85c\ub294 \uc5f0\ub8cc\ub97c \ub35c \uc4f0\ub294 \uacbd\ub85c\uc774\uc9c0\ub9cc(16), \uc8fc\ud589 \uc2dc\uac04\uc758 \ud569\uc774 85\ub85c \ub354 \uc624\ub798 \uac78\ub9b0\ub2e4. \uc0ac\uc2e4 \uc704\uc758 \uacbd\ub85c \uc678\uc5d0\ub3c4 19 \uc774\ud558\uc758 \uc5f0\ub8cc \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc73c\ub85c 83\uc758 \uc2dc\uac04\uc73c\ub85c \ub3c4\ub2ec\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uacbd\ub85c\uac00 \uba87 \uac00\uc9c0 \ub354 \uc788\ub2e4. \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc, 19 \uc774\ud558\uc758 \uc5f0\ub8cc\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec 83\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub354 \ube60\ub978 \uc2dc\uac04 \ub0b4\uc5d0 t\uc5d0 \ub3c4\ucc29\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95\uc740 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>\uc774\uc81c \uc8fc\ud589 \uc2dc\ud5d8\uc774 \uc2dc\uc791\ub41c\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub9ac\ub4dc\uc758 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc640 G, L\uc774 \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c8 \ub54c, \uac00\uc7a5 \ube60\ub974\uac8c \ubaa9\uc801\uc9c0 t\uc5d0 \ub3c4\ub2ec\ud558\ub294 \uc2dc\uac04\uc740 \uc5bc\ub9c8\uc77c\uae4c?<\/p>\r\n","input":"<p>\uccab \uc904\uc5d0 \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 \ucf00\uc774\uc2a4\uc758 \uc218 T\uac00 \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c4\ub2e4.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>\uac01 \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 \ucf00\uc774\uc2a4\ub294 \ub124 \uac1c\uc758 \uc815\uc218 M, N, L, G\ub85c \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc838 \uc788\uc73c\uba70&nbsp;<span style=\"line-height:1.6em\">M\uc740 \uadf8\ub9ac\ub4dc\uc758 \ud589 \uc218, N\uc740 \uadf8\ub9ac\ub4dc\uc758 \uc5f4 \uc218\uc774\ub2e4. L\uc740 \ubb38\uc81c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc124\uba85\ud55c \ud55c \uaca9\uc790\ub97c \uc9c1\uc120 \uc8fc\ud589\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uac78\ub9ac\ub294 \uc2dc\uac04\uc774\uba70 G\ub294 \uc5f0\ub8cc\ub7c9\uc774\ub2e4. (2 &le; M, N &le; 100), (1 &le; L &le; 10), (1 &le; G &le; 1,000,000).&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"line-height:1.6em\">\uc774\uc5b4\uc11c M\uc904\uc5d0 \uac78\uccd0 N-1\uac1c\uc758 \uc815\uc218\uac00 \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c4\ub2e4. \uac01 \uc815\uc218\ub294 \uadf8\ub9ac\ub4dc\uc5d0\uc11c \ub300\uc751\ub418\ub294 \uac00\ub85c \uacbd\ub85c\ub97c \uc8fc\ud589\ud560 \ub54c \ub4dc\ub294 \uc5f0\ub8cc\ub7c9\uc774\ub2e4.&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"line-height:1.6em\">\uadf8 \uc774\ud6c4 M-1\uc904\uc5d0 \uac78\uccd0 N\uac1c\uc758 \uc815\uc218\uac00 \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c4\ub2e4. \uac01 \uc815\uc218\ub294 \uadf8\ub9ac\ub4dc\uc5d0\uc11c \ub300\uc751\ub418\ub294 \uc138\ub85c \uacbd\ub85c\ub97c \uc8fc\ud589\ud560 \ub54c \ub4dc\ub294 \uc5f0\ub8cc\ub7c9\uc774\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>\ubaa8\ub4e0 \ub2e8\uc704 \uacbd\ub85c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc18c\ubaa8\ub418\ub294 \uc5f0\ub8cc\ub7c9\uc740 1 \uc774\uc0c1 1000 \uc774\ud558\uc758 \uac12\uc744 \uac16\ub294\ub2e4.<\/p>\r\n","output":"<p>\ub9cc\uc77c G \uc774\ud558\uc758 \uc5f0\ub8cc\ub7c9\uc73c\ub85c s\uc5d0\uc11c t\uae4c\uc9c0 \uac00\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uac00\ub2a5\ud558\ub2e4\uba74 \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \ud55c \ube68\ub9ac \ub3c4\ucc29\ud588\uc744 \ub54c \uac78\ub9ac\ub294 \uc2dc\uac04\uc744, \ubd88\uac00\ub2a5\ud558\ub2e4\uba74 -1\uc744 \ucd9c\ub825\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\r\n","hint":"","original":"0","html_title":"0","problem_lang_tcode":"Korean"},{"problem_id":"10251","problem_lang":"1","title":"Driving License","description":"<p>Taking a driving test must make people nervous in almost every city in the world. People in Grid city in which road network looks like a grid should pass an interesting driving test in order to obtain a driver&rsquo;s license. Information on an M &times; N grid-shaped road network is given to the applicant before he takes the test in the city. Using the given information, he has to comply with 3 rules, described below, to pass the test.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p><strong><img alt=\"\" src=\"\/upload\/images2\/driving1(1).png\" style=\"float:right; height:205px; width:286px\" \/>Rule 1<\/strong>: He must drive a car eastward or downward from the starting point s, located at upper-left corner of the grid, to the ending point t, located at lower-right corner of the grid.&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Rule 2<\/strong>: The driving time for each segment (either vertical or horizontal) of the grid must be exactly L (which is given before taking the test) and the turning time to change direction must be exactly 1. No turning time is assumed at the starting point s.&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Rule 3<\/strong>: Using an amount of fuel, say G, given before taking the test, he has to reach t as soon as possible without consuming additional fuel.&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>Note that he has to control the speed of the car considering the road condition to comply with the rule 2. So, the amount of fuel consumed to pass each segment could be different. Also note that he has to find a fastest route among several possible routes along which he can drive using as much fuel as G.&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>Fig. 1 shows a 4 &times; 6 grid-shaped road network, which has 4 horizontal streets and 6 vertical streets. Numbers shown for each segment of the grid denote the required amount of fuel to pass it.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"text-align:center\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"\/upload\/images2\/driving2(1).png\" style=\"height:223px; width:591px\" \/><\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>Suppose a road network as shown in Fig. 1 and G = 19 and L = 10 are given as input. Fig. 2 shows two possible routes. The route shown in the left figure consumes fuel as much as 17 and it takes driving time 83 since it passes 8 grid segments and changes direction 3 times. On the other hand, the route shown in the right figure consumes a bit less fuel but it takes driving time 85. Note that there are some other routes along which he can drive with fuel 19 within time 83. However, there is no route along which he can drive faster with fuel 19.&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>You are to make a program which helps to find a route to pass the driving test in Grid city. You can assume that given a grid, the starting point locates at upper-left corner and the ending point at lower-right corner and that no fuel is consumed for turning direction.&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n","input":"<p>Your program is to read from standard input. The input consists of T test cases. The number of test cases T is given in the first line of the input. Each test case starts with 4 integers: M, N, L, and G, where M and N (2 &le; M, N &le; 100) denote the dimension of the grid, L (1 &le; L &le; 10) the driving time to pass each grid segment, and G (1 &le; G &le; 1, 000, 000) the amount of fuel given before testing. Each of the following M lines contains N - 1 integers, each of which denotes the amount of fuel consumed to pass the corresponding horizontal segment of the grid. Another M - 1 lines follow. Each of the following M - 1 lines contains N integers, each of which denotes the amount of fuel consumed to pass the corresponding vertical segment of the grid. Each integer used for the amount of fuel to pass each correspoing segment of the grid is within 1 and 1,000 inclusive.&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>All the integers shown in a same line are separated by a blank.<\/p>\r\n","output":"<p>Your program is to write to standard output. Print exactly one line for each test case. The line should show the total elapsed time along the fastest route. If it is impossible to drive from s to t along any route with given amount of fuel G, print -1.&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n","hint":"","original":"1","html_title":"0","problem_lang_tcode":"English"}]

출처

ICPC > Regionals > Asia Pacific > Korea > Nationwide Internet Competition > Daejeon Nationalwide Internet Competition 2014 B번