12330번 - Bullseye (Large) 다국어

Maria has been hired by the Ghastly Chemicals Junkies (GCJ) company to help them manufacture bullseyes. A bullseye consists of a number of concentric rings (rings that are centered at the same point), and it usually represents an archery target. GCJ is interested in manufacturing black-and-white bullseyes. 

Maria starts with t millilitres of black paint, which she will use to draw rings of thickness 1cm (one centimetre). A ring of thickness 1cm is the space between two concentric circles whose radii differ by 1cm.

Maria draws the first black ring around a white circle of radius r cm. Then she repeats the following process for as long as she has enough paint to do so:

1. Maria imagines a white ring of thickness 1cm around the last black ring.
2. Then she draws a new black ring of thickness 1cm around that white ring.

Note that each "white ring" is simply the space between two black rings.

The area of a disk with radius 1cm is π cm². One millilitre of paint is required to cover area π cm². What is the maximum number of black rings that Maria can draw? Please note that:

• Maria only draws complete rings. If the remaining paint is not enough to draw a complete black ring, she stops painting immediately.
• There will always be enough paint to draw at least one black ring.

The first line of the input gives the number of test cases, T. T test cases follow. Each test case consists of a line containing two space separated integers: r and t.

Limits

• 1 ≤ T ≤ 6000.
• 1 ≤ r ≤ 10¹⁸.
• 1 ≤ t ≤ 2 × 10¹⁸.

For each test case, output one line containing "Case #x: y", where x is the case number (starting from 1) and y is the maximum number of black rings that Maria can draw.