시간 제한메모리 제한제출정답맞힌 사람정답 비율
5 초 256 MB216837628592934.075%

문제

홍준이는 요즘 주식에 빠져있다. 그는 미래를 내다보는 눈이 뛰어나, 날 별로 주가를 예상하고 언제나 그게 맞아떨어진다. 매일 그는 아래 세 가지 중 한 행동을 한다.

  1. 주식 하나를 산다.
  2. 원하는 만큼 가지고 있는 주식을 판다.
  3. 아무것도 안한다.

홍준이는 미래를 예상하는 뛰어난 안목을 가졌지만, 어떻게 해야 자신이 최대 이익을 얻을 수 있는지 모른다. 따라서 당신에게 날 별로 주식의 가격을 알려주었을 때, 최대 이익이 얼마나 되는지 계산을 해달라고 부탁했다.

예를 들어 날 수가 3일이고 날 별로 주가가 10, 7, 6일 때, 주가가 계속 감소하므로 최대 이익은 0이 된다. 그러나 만약 날 별로 주가가 3, 5, 9일 때는 처음 두 날에 주식을 하나씩 사고, 마지막날 다 팔아 버리면 이익이 10이 된다.

입력

입력의 첫 줄에는 테스트케이스 수를 나타내는 자연수 T가 주어진다. 각 테스트케이스 별로 첫 줄에는 날의 수를 나타내는 자연수 N(2 ≤ N ≤ 1,000,000)이 주어지고, 둘째 줄에는 날 별 주가를 나타내는 N개의 자연수들이 공백으로 구분되어 순서대로 주어진다. 날 별 주가는 10,000이하다.

출력

각 테스트케이스 별로 최대 이익을 나타내는 정수 하나를 출력한다. 답은 부호있는 64bit 정수형으로 표현 가능하다.

예제 입력 1

3
3
10 7 6
3
3 5 9
5
1 1 3 1 2

예제 출력 1

0
10
5
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